1924 – Adolf Hitler is sentenced to five years in prison for participating in the Beer Hall Putsch, but only nine months in prison. Beer Hall Putsch, was a failed coup by Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler, along with Erich Ludendorffin and other Nazi leaders to seize power in Munich, Bavaria. Eighteen people were killed and more than 50 were injured in what became known as the Cold War.
1929 – Born in Brno, Milan Kundera. Kundera, a Czech writer who received political asylum in France in 1975, became a naturalized French citizen in 1981. Kundera’s citizenship was revoked in 1979 and he did not return until 2019. He “considers himself a French writer and insists that his work should be studied as French literature and classified as such in bookstores ”.
1939 – During the Spanish Civil War, General Francisco Franco announces the end of the Spanish Civil War, when the last surrender by Republican forces takes place. This civil conflict was the most tragic and bloodiest in the history of this country. During this war, nearly half a million people would be killed on both sides, and thousands more would be injured.
1945 – The Bar Massacre took place, which was the killing of a number of Kosovo Albanians recruited by Yugoslav partisans in late March and early April 1945 in Bar, at the end of World War II. Estimates of the death toll range from 400 to 4,200. In Yugoslavia this was a taboo subject, which has been kept secret for decades. Implicated in the course of these events, the Albanian state has been silent for decades. The Bar massacre is the greatest tragedy of the communist regime, which was carried out with treachery towards the young Kosovars. This tragic mobilization led to the death of about 4,000 people, who are believed to have been killed in the city of Bar, by Yugoslav army forces. This event has thrown mud on the partisan movement and in Bar as a whole, because it is remembered as one of the biggest executions in that area. In Yugoslavia this was a taboo subject, which was silenced for decades. The mass grave of the Bar massacre was discovered more than half a century later, on September 17, 1996, by historian Zekeria Cana.
1955 – EOKA uprising against the British Empire begins in Cyprus, with the aim of uniting the island with Greece. EOKA was a secret Greek-Cypriot guerrilla organization that would carry out many armed attacks not only against British military installations but also against the Turkish-Cypriot population located in the north of the island. This conflict would last for years until the Turkish occupation of the northern part.
1960 – The TIROS-1 satellite transmits the first television image from space. TIROS, or Infrared Satellite Television, is a series of early satellites launched by the United States, starting with TIROS-1 in 1960. TIROS was the first satellite capable of long-distance tracking. Earth, enabling scientists to look at the Earth from a new spatial perspective.
1976 – Apple Inc. was formed by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne in Cupertino, California. Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. This company is considered one of the Big Four technology companies, along with Amazon, Google, and Microsoft.
2001 – Former President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milosevic is arrested by special police forces on charges of war crimes in The Hague. He was arrested by Yugoslav federal authorities on suspicion of corruption, abuse of power and embezzlement. The initial investigation into Milosevic was suspended for lack of evidence, prompting Serbian Prime Minister Zoran Dindic to extradite him to the International Court of Justice on charges of war crimes in the country.
2017 – Died at the age of 83, Yevgeny Yevtushenko. Yevtushenko was a Russian poet. He was also a novelist, essayist, playwright, screenwriter, publisher, actor, editor, and director of several films. He has been decorated 25 times, for his merits, for his harsh criticism of the communist regime in the USSR. Yevtushenko is considered one of the greatest Russian and world writers and poets of all time.
