Dashnor Kaloçi
Second part
Memorie.al publishes some archival documents extracted from the Archive of the Ministry of Defense which belong to 1974 and are about several meetings held at the Ministry of People’s Defense at that time, where were discussed and analyzed “The hostile activity of the group coup d’etat of Beqir Balluku ”, where the Prime Minister Mehmet Shehu would communicate the decisions of the Politburo to the main leaders of the Ministry of Defense and a number of other senior military members of the Albanian Army. Mehmet Shehu’s speech at the December 3, 1974 meeting with the commanders and directors of the Ministry of Defense and the resolution of the party assets of that ministry were published for the first time, where Shehu accused Balluko and his two deputies, Petrit Dume and Hito Çako., as well as some of the senior military of the Albanian Army, such as: Rrahman Parllaku, Sadik Bekteshi, Andon Sheti, etc.
“The traitors of the Party and the people, Beqir Balluku and Hito Çako, with certain deeply hostile intentions, locked the Theses on Folk Martial Arts in the safe, leaving the army to work with old regulations. At the same time, Beqir Balluku and Hito Çako widely introduced foreign hostile literature into the army, thus spreading the bourgeois revisionist ideologies. A punishable and extremely dangerous work in introducing revisionist poison in the army has been done by the Political Directorate, the General Staff, as well as the Institute of Military Studies, headed by Comrade Sadik Bekteshi, and the Second Directorate, headed by Comrade Andon Sheti”.
This is stated, among other things, in the resolution of the meeting of the Party Assets of the Ministry of People’s Defense, held on November 16, 1974, just one month before that meeting on December 12, 1974, where the Prime Minister and Minister of Defense, Mehmet Shehu, would communicate to them the decisions of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the ALP on: “The hostile activity of the coup group of Beqir Balluku” and would take out of the meeting room some of the highest military of the Albanian Army , whom Enver Hoxha and the senior leadership of the ALP considered as: “Enemies and supporters of Beqir Balluku’s group”.
In addition to this resolution of the Party Assets of the Ministry of Defense (Central Archive of the Armed Forces, Fund 100. Year 1974. File 301), a part of which we are publishing below in this article, from the archival documents available to Memorie.al, yes, we also publish a part of the speech of the former Prime Minister and Minister of Defense Mehmet Shehu, held on December 3, 1974 with the commanders and directors of the Ministry of Defense in Tirana.
What is further stated in that resolution of the Active Party of the Ministry of Defense and what are the concrete accusations made against the highest leaders of the Ministry of Defense, Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dume, Hito Çako, as well as some of the former generals famous of the Albanian Army? What is Mehmet Shehu’s accusations against Petrit Duma at the December 3, 1974 meeting with the commanders and directors of the Ministry of Defense?
With these and other unknown things about the so-called “Coup group of Beqir Balluku”, we are introduced to the materials we are publishing below in this article, which shed light on some of the darker sides of the communist regime of Enver Hoxha, and in this case, the ridiculous accusations with which Balluku, Dume and Çako, victims of the paranoia of the communist dictator of Albania, were executed.
Follows from the previous number
“On the sabotage work of the hostile group led by Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dumja, Hito Çako and Rahman Parllaku in terms of combat preparation of our People’s Army”
“Beqir Balluku hid Enver’s theses of 1970”.
From the great analyzes made by the party to reveal the hostile activity of the conspiratorial group in the Army, as well as from the numerous documents and facts that emerged during the analyzes made in the wards and units of the army, have revealed that the work of these enemies has been extremely dangerous, deeply minefield and diversionist for the defense of the Homeland. Numerous facts show that they deliberately and with a plan studied for a long time, have sabotaged the military preparation of the army, aiming to keep our armed forces untrained by the methods of the People’s War, so that they remain incompetent. to withstand a possible aggression by external imperialist-revisionist enemies.
The facts that prove the treacherous activity of the coup group of Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dumes, Hito Çakos and Rrahman Parllaku, are so numerous that we find it difficult to mention them in this information. Here are some of them:
- One of the directions of the sabotage work of the conspiratorial group has been the introduction into the army for years of Soviet and bourgeois revisionist ideological and military literature. Especially this literature was introduced into the army after 1967, i.e., immediately after the publication of the Defense Council Theses.
Their aim was to obscure the Theses on the Folk Martial Art of the People’s Republic of Albania and the military line of the Albanian Labor Party, replacing these with foreign revisionist and bourgeois literature. So, they built the ideopolitical education and combat training of the army not on the foundations of Folk Martial Arts.
“Training sabotage”
The second direction of the sabotage work of the conspirators in terms of the combat preparation of the Army was also the organization and development of the combat training of the army. The military training of the Army was sabotaged by the group of traitors in the following directions:
- The scope of combat training of active troops (compulsory service) was reduced to one third of compulsory service time, multiplied by half of service time. It had become a rule in the Army, and this organizational rule was set by Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dumja, Hito Çako and Rahman Parllaku, through politico-military training programs, and it was practically done like this: Recruited soldier, after finishing the first year of the combat training program , when he was in his second year of military service, instead of implementing a higher-level training program than in the first year, he joined the newly recruited young soldiers under the gun and started again in the second year of the service to implement the first year program.
Such a practice in training also applies to soldiers in their third year of service. Thus, active conscript soldiers were not trained according to the law on conscription for two or three years, as long as compulsory service, but for one year. By implementing such a program with a repeat of the training year, the soldier during two or three years of military service never passed the “class”, but remains in the “first class”.
- The combat training was not sabotaged only by limiting it from three to two years, in one year, but also in another direction: With the soldiers of the second- and third-year various works were carried out in agriculture, in the construction of dwellings for accommodation of officers, with engineering works outside the planned time, from three months to 6 months and more, etc. The coup plotters justified such an action on the grounds that the soldiers of the last year of service were “prepared and would soon be released.”
- The coup group demanded the evaluation of the politico-military preparation through forms and methods that did not present the truth of the state of the army, the forms of inspections for rage and glaze, where they were checked e.g. in a corps 2-3 companies in shooting, as well as in tactics, or 1-2 artillery groups in combat shooting, etc., best proves that these traitors were trying to lie to the main leadership of the Party by presenting to it not the real situation of army. So, the evaluation of the annual work of a corps was done only on the basis of control (inspection) of 1-2 battalions and groups of artillery. In this way, they deliberately concealed the real state of army preparation, at a time when the army was presented with serious shortcomings and weaknesses.
“Non-implementation of Defense Theses”
The other direction of the coup plotters’ sabotage work in combat training was the non-implementation of the Defense Council Theses in combat training. As is well known, the Defense Council Theses are the basis of our Folk Martial Arts and as such these Theses should have been applied in time in the combat training process. The theses of the Defense Council were not known by the middle and lower cadres, not to mention the soldier. These enemies did not want theses to be recognized by the masses of officers and soldiers, because if they were known by the masses, they would work to implement them through combat training as they are now being implemented during this training year.
From 1967 (the year the Defense Council Theses were published) until the traitors Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dumja, Hito Çakua and others were expelled from the Party and the army, no new fighting regulations were drafted on the basis of the Council Theses. of Defense. Even after the emergence of Thesis, the army trained with the combat regulations of today’s Soviet revisionist army. The large troop exercises organized by Petrit Dumja, all took place in contradiction with the Theses of the Defense Council. In these exercises only, large movements of troops and technical means were made, the so-called one-way maneuvers, to introduce the unique command to liquidate the leading role of the Party in the army;
- By developing the cult of unique command and privileges for the creation of a military caste, especially of former generals, to make law in the army and in the state, outside the control of the Party and over the Party, rotting the army from within with innumerable materials with the ideological, political and military character of Soviet revisionists and other capitalist countries.
“Hiding Enver’s theses”
The creation and functioning of the free military school based on the teachings of Lenin and Comrade Enver’s Theses of 1970 completely deprived the coup plotters of the opportunity to turn the army into a blind tool to fulfill their conspiratorial goals of overthrowing power, liquidating of the Party and the restoration of capitalism in Albania. For these reasons, which are now very well known, Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dumja, Hito Çako and Rrahman Parllaku, hid Comrade Enver’s Theses of 1970 on the Free School, and from 1970 until the day these traitors were removed from the army were given to the judiciary for criminal prosecution, have not given any instructions on the establishment of free military schools.
The documents in the Army Archive clearly show how these traitors denied the creation of the Free Military School. The letter of March 29, 1971, signed by Petrit Dumja, which deals with the “Regionalization of army units and units”, does not say a word about the regionalization of the Free Military School. Petrit Dumja does not speak about this issue at all and does not use the term “Free Military School” anywhere. In this paper no illusion is made about Comrade Enver’s Theses and there is no ideological expression. Nowhere in this 3-page letter addressed to the entire army by Petrit Dumja is the Party line mentioned at all.
In the next 3-page letter written on May 6, 1972, something is mentioned in the term Free School, but nothing is said about how the Free Military School should be organized and how it should function. This second letter of Petrit Dumes was made in order to be “inside”, and to create the impression that “action has been taken” in this regard. The facts show that during the four years 1970-1974, neither Beqir Balluku nor Petrit Dumja nor Hito Çakua nor Rahman Parllaku, not only did not take any measures for the organization of the Free Military School, but worked with full conscience as enemies and traitors for to completely sabotage the combat preparation of the structures of the armed forces that was to be organized within the framework of the Free Military School.
Finally, we conclude that: The traitorous group led by Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dumen, Hito Çako and Rrahman Parllaku, did not follow any instructions of the Defense Council and the Central Committee of the Party for the military preparation of the Army on the basis of Defense Council Theses. They, together with the military caste they had been able to create at the time of the army (in the MMP), set to work sabotaging the Defense Council Theses and the orders of Comrade Enver.
The entire combat training of our Army has been built not on the basis of the Theses of the Defense Council, not on the basis of military regulations that should be drafted and based on these Theses and be a concrete breakdown of them, as ordered by the Party, but in based on Soviet revisionist regulations, which are the antithesis of the Military Art of the People’s War of our Army. No breakdown of the Defense Council Theses was made by these enemies. None of these or other members of the military caste lectured or lectured on the Defense Council Theses. From the publication of the Defense Council Theses until the last days when these enemies were in charge of the army, hundreds of thousands of books, pamphlets and various texts with ideological and military content of the Soviet revisionist army were published under their leadership. with which they have ideologically and militarily fed our army.
“The coup plotters introduced foreign literature into the army and 90% of the materials were Russian”!
One of the accusations of the heads of the Ministry of Defense for the so-called ‘Coup group of Beqir Balluku’, were those for the introduction of foreign literature in the Albanian Army. In this regard, in the information for the Ministry of Interior, among the following it is written: “During the control that was done to the military literature used by the army, it resulted: The Military Academy, the United School, as well as the Army’s combat training programs have been completely original Russian and translated, changing only the titles, while in content they are the same as the Russian original.
Over 90% of these materials belong to the Soviet editions of the 1960s and beyond. Soviet revisionist military literature, as well as the literature of capitalist countries was introduced into the army training education system by order of Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dumes and Andon Shet. On the front page of each military regulation was written the order of the Ministry of People’s Defense, signed by Beqir Balluku, while the foreign literature of the capitalist countries was distributed to the army in more than 39,000 copies, prepared by the Directorate of Army Intelligence, under the leadership of Andon Sheti was disbanded in the army by order of Petrit Dumes.
The analysis carried out in the Army to liquidate the hostile activity of the conspirators showed that their aim was to prepare the army ideologically as well as militarily according to the concepts of the revisionist military art of the Soviet and capitalist countries. It is a fact that out of the 146,000 copies of recently destroyed military regulations, manuals, textbooks and instructions, he finds no piece of regulation or text, or lecture prepared on the basis of our Folk Martial Art. The military regulations, as well as all the different textbooks of ideological and military education of the army have been built with full conscience by the coup plotters, in order for our army to become a coup army in the service of the military caste represented by Beqir Balluku, Petrit Dumja, Hito Çakua etc. Memorie.al
