1904 – Anton Chekhov dies at the age of 44. Chekhov, was a Russian playwright and short story writer who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short fiction in history. His career as a playwright produced four classics, and his best stories are held in high esteem by writers and critics.
1915 – Çerçiz Topulli is shot, a soldier in the Ottoman Empire, leader of a detachment during the Kaçak Movement and an activist of the national cause together with his brother, Bajo Topulli. In April 1907 he commanded the armed group operating in southern Albania, especially in the provinces of Gjirokastra and Korça. By decision of the Gjirokastra Committee, members of his gang killed the Turkish gendarmerie commander in early March 1908 in Gjirokastra. He led the Men’s War on March 18, 1908. After the Declaration of Independence of Albania, on November 28, 1912 he served the government of I. Qemali and fought for the protection of the territorial integrity of the homeland, in several armed uprisings, for the repulse of the Greeks. from the occupied lands in the south (after the London conference), but also against the rebellion of Haxhi Qamil in Central Albania. But they were arrested again on July 7, 1915 in Fushën e Shtoit (Shkodër) by a Montenegrin platoon on the way to Çetina. For 20 years the remains of the two heroes remained without a grave, in Shtoj of Shkodra, until they were discovered in 1936 by Javer Hrushidi, a childhood friend of Çerçiz and prefect of Shkodra at that time. He was the one who identified the bones of Çerçiz from a gold tooth, which both had the same. Enver Hoxha also took part in the exhumation of their remains, who also said a farewell speech on behalf of the people of Gjirokastra.
1927 – The July 15 Massacre occurs, in which 90 protesters are killed by Austrian police in Vienna. The clash was the result of conflict between the Social Democratic Party of Austria and an alliance of the right wing, including wealthy industrialists and the Catholic Church. Also 5 police officers, were left dead and over 600 protesters were injured.
1955 – 18 Nobel laureates sign the Mainau Declaration against Nuclear Weapons, later co-signed by 35 others. Initiated and designed by German nuclear scientists Otto Hahn and Max Born, it was circulated at the 5th Nobel Summit (July 11-15, 1955) and presented on the island of Mainau on July 15, 1955.
1963 – Born in Rodovre, Brigitte Nielsen. Nielsen is a Danish actress, model, singer, and television personality. She then starred in the 1985 films Red Sonja and Rocky IV. Brigitte Nielsen is also known for her marriage to Sylvester Stallone, with whom she starred in the 1986 film Cobra
1975 – During the space race, the Apollo-Soyuz test project involves the dual launch of an Apollo and a Soyuz spacecraft on the first joint space flight of the Soviet Union and the United States. It was also the latest launch of an Apollo spacecraft from the Saturn rocket family.
1983 – An attack on Orly Airport in Paris is launched by the Armenian militant organization ASALA, leaving eight dead and 55 wounded. This attack took place after official Paris, until that period, had not legally recognized the Armenian Genocide. A series of other attacks by this organization would take place in Turkish embassies in Europe.
2006 – Twitter launches to the public, which later became one of the largest, and most followed, social media platforms in the world. Twitter, Inc. is headquartered in San Francisco, California, and has more than 25 other offices worldwide. As of 2018, Twitter has more than 325 million monthly active users.
2016 – Factions of the Turkish Armed Forces attempt a coup. They tried to seize control of some key locations in Ankara, Istanbul and other cities, but failed because they were neutralized by loyal state forces. During the coup, over 300 people were killed and more than 2,200 were injured.
