1936 – Xian Incident occurs in China. The General of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek, was kidnapped by Zhang Xueliang. The crisis ended after two weeks of talks, in which Chiang was eventually released and returned to Nanjing, accompanied by Zhang. Chiang agreed to end the ongoing civil war against the PKK, and began actively preparing for the impending war with Japan.
1956 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 121 results in Japan’s accession to the United Nations. The country’s application for membership in 1952 was rejected, but four years later the Soviet Union took the initiative for Japan to join the United Nations by signing Resolution 121 along with other major powers.
1963 – Kenya gains independence from the United Kingdom. This state became an independent country under the 1963 United Kingdom Independence Act. Exactly 12 months later, on December 12, 1964, Kenya became a Republic under the name “Republic of Kenya”. Its capital was declared Nairobi. Today, Kenya is one of the most developed countries in south-east Africa.
1964 – William Rootes dies at the age of 70. Rootes, was a British vehicle manufacturer. He opened his first car sales agency in 1913, leading the Rootes Group to the global rankings. During World War II he oversaw the production of aircraft and engines, as well as the supply of military motor vehicles and armored vehicles.
1969 – An explosion at Piazza Fontana occurs during the lead years. The offices of the Banca Nazionale dell’Agricoltura in Piazza Fontana, Milan, were blown up by a bomb. The blast killed at least 17 people and injured 88 others. This terrorist act was carried out by right-wing extremists.
1970 – Born in New York to Jennifer Connelly. Connelly, is an American actress who started her career as a child model. Connelly went on to model and act, starring in a number of films, including Phenomena, Labyrinth, Career Opportunities, and The Rocketeer. She won a critical acclaim for her work in the science fiction film Dark City.
1990 – The Democratic Party is established, a center-right political party in Albania. The Democratic Party of Albania was created by a group of Albanian students and intellectuals, including Azem Hajdari, Sali Berisha, Gramoz Pashko, Arben Imami, Aleksandër Meksi, Eduard Selami, etc. Student Azem Hajdari was elected Chairman of the Initiative Commission of the Democratic Party. Later, cardiologist Sali Berisha was elected chairman of the Democratic Party. It was the first opposition party after allowing political pluralism in Albania. In the March 1991 parliamentary elections, the Democratic Party failed to win a majority in parliament. In the early parliamentary elections of March 22, 1992, the Democratic Party won an absolute majority of seats in parliament. She ruled until 1997. During this period the Democratic Party government carried out a series of reforms to liberalize the country, build a free market economy, ensure the rule of law, and consolidate the democratic electoral system. In its opening to the outside world, Albania signed hundreds of cooperation agreements with European countries and beyond. In 1993, Albania signed the Partnership for Peace Agreement and then, in 1995, joined the Council of Europe. Another achievement of the Democratic Party government was the provision of uninterrupted electricity to Albanian citizens for the first time in the history of Albania. During the rule of the Democratic Party, the conditions were created for Albania’s membership in NATO, which took place on April 2, 2009. Also, all the conditions and criteria for the abolition of visas with European Union countries were met. Following the adoption of this decision by the European Parliament, it entered into force on 15 December 2010. In the parliamentary elections of 23 June 2013, the Democratic Party-led coalition lost to the Socialist Party-led coalition and the Socialist Movement for Integration. Chairman of the Democratic Party Professor Dr. Sali Berisha accepted the election results and resigned as Chairman of the Democratic Party. One month later, elections were held on the principle of one member one vote for the Chairman of the Democratic Party. The Minister of Public Works and Transport, Sokol Olldashi, and the Mayor of Tirana, Lulzim Basha, ran in these elections. The elections were won by Lulzim Basha.
2015 – The Paris Agreement on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is ratified. The language of the agreement was negotiated by representatives of 196 states at the 21st UNFCCC Conference in Le Bourget. France, and was adopted by consensus on 12 December 2015. Since November 2019, 195 members of the UNFCCC have signed the agreement.
