Dashnor Kaloçi
Memorie.al publishes the secret document of 1982, where the Education-Culture sector in the Central Committee of the ALP, informs the senior leadership on the “moral and political” problems at the University of Tirana, where Tritan Shehu, Ylli Ziçishti etc. are mentioned and the names of teachers who had broken up families… such as: Nasi Bozhegu, Argjir Ligori, Thoma Kristo, Vasil Kristo, Medi Agalliu, Jolanda K., Margarita V… .etc
Although much was said and propagated about the “revolutionary triangle, Teaching-Work-Tempering”, teaching was the last thing on which the senior leadership and the Education and Culture Sector at the Central Committee of the ALP were concerned and worried. Among other things, this is clearly seen in an archival document extracted from a file with the initials “secret” from the Central State Archive (Fund 14, structure, Apparatus of the Central Committee of the ALP), where the Education and Culture sector at the Committee Central, through an information, informs the senior leadership about all the problems that had arisen in various faculties of the University of Tirana. As we will see from the document in question, in the “material” that the Education-Culture sector at the Central Committee of the ALP, had received and selected from the reports received from the Party Committee of the University of Tirana, which had also “collected” from the meetings of the basic party organizations of various faculties and not only, have taken place a number of problems of various kinds, such as: “purity of the image of the communists”, who went abroad “,” medical reports received without criteria by students and professors “,” interventions for staff appointments “,” biographical problems of students coming to university “,” their moral and political figure “,” interventions and haters in sending professors abroad for specializations and scientific conferences ”,“ branch changes ”, etc. etc. Even in that report-information have taken place the internal family problems of many professors who for various reasons were divorced from their spouses. And at no point in the report-information in question is there talk about the teaching side and the quality of the teaching process, or the passing of the students in the subjects they developed. From what can be seen in the document in question, it mentions many names of students and professors quite honored in their fields and specialties, from that period of time and after, who have also made a big name even after the ’90s. For example. Dr. Prof. Ylvi Vehbiu, one of the most famous doctors in Albania, Dr. Prof. Tritan Shehu, resuscitation doctor-anesthesiologist from the best in Albania and former favorite student of the famous professor Xhelal Kurti, Dr. Prof. Ylli Ziçishti is also one of the most famous doctors in Albania, etc. etc. And based on this fact, it is not difficult to understand that the mention of the names of Tritan Shehu and Ylli Ziçishti in that report-information, has been done with a tendency and it has not much to do directly with their person, than with the families of them and the “suspicious” biographies they had, even though they were studying in high school. Mentioning the name of Tritan Shehu, as a person “with a bad moral-political figure”, seems to be more related to the figure of his father, Masar Shehu, (from a well-known family originating from Libohova in Gjirokastra) , an intellectual graduated in Lyon, France in the 1930s with a degree in History and Literature, (while his wife and Tritan’s mother, Zana Bogdo, graduated in Music, piano, at the Conservatory of Santa Cecilia in Rome in 30s) an anti-fascist of the first hours, who together with a group of 18 people, all anti-fascist intellectuals were exiled to the island of Ventotene in Italy, just a few weeks after the occupation of Albania by fascist Italy. There Masari came in contact with communist ideas and after returning to Albania he settled in Durrës as one of the main leaders of the Anti-Fascist Movement and for that activity he was appointed as the political leader of the Partisan Group of Peza. But before the end of the war, it seems that Masari was disappointed by the actions taken by the main leaders of the Communist Party led by Enver Hoxha and started talking openly about those things (murders and crimes) and because of this, he was arrested by Koci Xoxe in 1946. After being detained for some time, Masari was released from prison as a “victim of Koci Xoxe” and worked as a journalist and deputy editor in the newspaper “Zeri i Popullit” until 1956 when the Conference of Tirana. At that time, in the meetings of the basic organizations of the Party that were taking place on the eve of the Tirana Conference, Masari was one of the main exponents who raised the problems for the privileges of the “Bloc” and senior leadership, etc. Even in the Party organization of the newspaper “Zeri i Popullit” where Nexhmije Hoxha was delegated, Masari openly clashed with him, so much so that Nexhmija, as a sign of pressure, reminds him that during the war, he was arrested once by the Italians?! Implicitly implying that it could be linked to SIM, this is one of the most common accusations made from time to time to all those communists who “derailed”, who during the war period, were arrested and released. then by the Italian invaders. But, from the people who were present at that meeting, (Interview with Muhamer Spahiu, Gazeta Shqiptare, February 2002) it is said that Masari immediately responded to Nexhmija by saying: “If I had a connection with SIM, I would have handed over you there and not in my house where I sheltered you for months, as the safest base of the Movement without entering a thorn in the side “. However, Masari was able to escape the second prison sentence, only with the measure of expulsion from the party, like most of those idealistic communists who “rebelled” in the Tirana Conference, but the stigma of being an “anti-party” remained all the time until he retired as a regular teacher at the Polytechnic of Tirana. Also, sometime in 1962, during a meeting in the neighborhood near the “Qemal Stafa” School, where Adil Çarçani was delegated, Masari asked for the floor, but Adil said: “You, Masar Shehu, have no right to speak, because you are an enemy.” Given all this, Masari spent a life full of stress and under a lot of pressure until the last years of his life when he was arrested again albeit at a young age. His arrest took place sometime in 1989, on the orders of Interior Minister Simon Stefani, (newly appointed to the post after a heated debate in the Bureau, where he criticized the Minister, Hekuran Isai, for saying, “why no more groups were being discovered hostile, as in the time of Comrade Enver ”and Ramizi said: go to Simon Minister), Masar Shehu and some other former cadres from the war period onwards, such as Muhamer Spahiu, Ihsan Budo, Mustafa Qilimi, etc., arrested (secret arrest) and held for almost two weeks in a secret State Security base (Hotel Tirana Internacional), forcing them to admit that they had been Italian agents since the time of the War. Of course, this failed and the Security scenario bluffed and the arrested persons were released. Also the mention of Ylli Ziçishti in that report-information, since, more than his name, it has to do with his father, Mihallaq Ziçishti, Deputy Minister of Interior and his uncle, Llambi Ziçishti, Minister of Health, against whom (exactly at the time the information report was drafted) the strike had just begun and then arrested accused of being “close associates of Kadri Hazbi and Mehmet Shehu”. (Mihalalqi was duly sentenced to 20 years in prison, while Llambi was shot). The same can be said for Yllka Plasari mentioned in this report-information, one of the most excellent students of her faculty, who was a victim of her last name, after her father, Ndreçi Plasari, was hit after the events of 1982-1982 with the so-called “Mehmet Shehu hostile group, Kadri Hazbiu e Co ”, and also by Anastas Plasari, a former journalist and publicist known since the period of the Zog Monarchy, who in the period of the communist regime was considered and treated as a“ reactionary ”. The document in question is being published in full as it is in the relevant file in the Central State Archive, Fund 14, of the Central Committee of the ALP.
I N F O R M A C I O N
From the information of the University Party Committee and from our assistance in the meetings of the basic organizations of the University for the discussion of the letter of the Central Committee sent to the basic organizations for the purity of the moral image of the communists, the following problems have emerged:
- In the ideo-political and educational work with the communists and cadres, shortcomings and weaknesses have been noticed.
From all the basic organizations of the Party it has emerged that there is interference and pressure from parents and staff outside the University, but sometimes also inside the University, for admissions, branch changes, passing, for appointments of pedagogical and scientific staff, for sending abroad, etc.
As a result of such actions, in some “preferred” branches, such as Architecture, Electronics, Foreign Languages, Medicine, Political and Legal Sciences, etc., the vast majority of students are the sons of employees.
Disorders, violations of norms and irregular actions have been proven in the system of non-separation from the work of the University, such as not taking exams, not keeping proper documentation, etc., which has left room for liberalism, hatred, etc.
The political criteria for students sent to the University have not been properly assessed by some districts. Years Tirana sent 14 such students. Numerous criticisms have been made about the criteria for sending students abroad (daughter of Mihallaq Gjinikas), for sending specialists, composition of delegations, etc. The Faculty of Medicine has criticized the cases when Josif Adhami has gone abroad several times to international conferences, accompanied by unprepared people; Jahja Pulaj, who attended the O.M.S Conference, was unprepared. Xhavit Ulqini went to the International Conference in Paris, in an unjust way contrary to the norms and criteria.
In almost all basic organizations of the Party it has been remarked that all specialists who go abroad, give much to personal interests and when they return do not give enough account to the departments for the work done.
A disturbing phenomenon that has taken wide proportions is the indiscriminate issuance of undeserved medical reports, especially for the component of productive work and military training, to justify absences in the teaching process, to postpone teaching deadlines, etc.
In the Finance branch of the Faculty of Economics for the academic year 1981-1982, have presented medical reports for productive work and military training, 17% of students, of whom 70 were from Tirana and 50 staff children. The phenomenon of receiving reports is also noticed by professors. There are party organizations that in this component participate no more than 20% -30% of communists. To solve this problem, the establishment of a Polyclinic for students has been proposed in time, but it has not been taken into account by the Ministry of Health.
- On some work problems with the framework, method and style at work
In the recruitment of new staff, the established norms and criteria were generally applied, but in the meetings of the basic organizations, the interventions and violations observed for the recruitment of a new staff, for the circulation, appointment of staff just graduating from university, etc. were criticized. Thus, with the intervention of Ylvi Vehbi, it was proposed to keep Ylli Ziçishti as an assistant, having a low average grade. In the party organization of the Faculty of Political and Legal Sciences, the problem has been raised that Burbuqe Plasari has intervened to get Yllka Plasari as a lecturer. The Department of Surgery has been criticized for interfering in proposing to send abroad for specialization, Tritan Shehu, with a bad moral-political figure. Violation in staffing is also shown by the fact that out of 1430 employees that the University has, 168 are tribal ties, of which 130 are teaching-scientific employees.
The Party organization has also criticized the cases of breaking up families and following the personal interest of some professors. Thus, Nasi Bozhegu, Argjir Ligori, Thoma Kristo, Vasil Kristo, Medi Agalliu, Jolanda K., etc., have broken up families. Margarita V. has openly taken bribes, the pedagogue Ardian Këlliçi with a compromised figure, with displays of arrogance, intrigues between colleagues, etc. While some lecturers in Foreign Languages are so interested in personal interest that they damage the teaching process.
Much criticism has also been leveled at the personal use of cars by seven professors of Medicine, at a time when faculties have none for work needs.
Criticism was also leveled at the Department of Pedagogy and the basic organization of History-Literature for its opportunistic and liberal attitudes towards Bedri Deda, for borrowing and copying from Soviet literature. In some party organizations there have been signals of bad moral attitudes of professors towards students, such as the case of Fane T. etc.
For these problems, the University Party Committee has ordered the grassroots organizations to carefully review them, while for some other problems that came out of the university instances, the relevant information has been provided.
07.08.1982 SECTOR OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE
Memorie.al
