1918 – A left-wing uprising in Russia begins with the assassination of German Ambassador Wilhelm von Mirbach by Czech members. It was an uprising against the Bolsheviks by the Left Socialist Revolutionary Party in July 1918. The uprising began on July 6, 1918 and was allegedly intended to resume the war with Germany.
1919 – A British R-Balloon lands in New York, completing the first crossing of the Atlantic Ocean by air. The R34 class of British solid aircraft was built for the Royal Naval Air Service during World War I, but was not completed until after the end of World War I.
1939 – Anti-Jewish legislation in pre-war Nazi Germany closes the last remaining Jewish enterprises. Anti-Jewish legislation in pre-war Germany had several laws that separated Jews from German society and restricted the political, legal, and civil rights of people of Jewish ethnicity.
1946 – Born in New York, Sylvester Stallone. Stallone is an American actor, director, screenwriter, producer, and artist. In 1977, Stallone was nominated for two Academy Awards for Rocky, for Best Screenplay and Best Actor. He became the third man in history to receive these two nominations for the same film, after Charlie Chaplin and Orson Welles.
1962 – As part of Operation Plowshare, a nuclear test takes place in Sedan. Project Plowshare was the overall program of the United States to develop techniques for using nuclear explosives for peaceful construction purposes. As part of the program, 31 nuclear warheads were detonated in 27 separate tests.
1986 – Davis Phinney becomes the first American cyclist to win a Tour de France road stage. He won 328 races in the 1980s and 90s, a record for an American, including 2 stages of the Tour de France. Phinney has worked in the media since retiring as a runner. He was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease at the age of 40.
1990 – The Electronic Frontier Foundation is founded. The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is an international nonprofit digital rights group based in San Francisco, California. The foundation was formed in July 1990 by John Gilmore, John Perry Barlow, and Mitch Kapor to promote civil liberties online.
2009 – Robert McNamara dies at the age of 93. McNamara, the eighth Secretary of Defense of the United States, served from 1961 to 1968 under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. He played a major role in escalating the United States’ involvement in the Vietnam War.
