1864 – Born in Boletin, Isa bej Boletini is an Albanian national figure and insurgent in the Province of Kosovo, a participant in his youth in the actions of the League of Prizren. He later served as the head of the guards of the sultan’s palace, from where he returned with insignia (ranks) and fiefdoms, after the arrival of the Young Turks and their masses he led the uprisings of 1910 and 1912. He was appointed among the guards of Prince Wid during the reign of his short-lived. He was killed during an exchange of fire in Podgorica, after 17 of his comrades were killed. After serving as the head of the bipartisans for four years, he returned with fiefdoms assigned to him as a reward for service and military ranks in the local militia. He became the most famous and wealthy man of Mitrovica, gathering armed followers and amassing armaments and funding from both Serbs and also having a telegraph line directly to the Jëlldëz Palace, as the sultan’s local captain. Isa Boletini’s work has been honored at all times throughout ethnic Albania. Schools, streets, neighborhoods and squares bear his name. There is also a special battalion of the Albanian army, which was installed in Iraq, named after Isa Boletini.
1919 – Executed at the age of 47, Karl Liebkneht and Rosa Luxemburg. Liebknecht, was a German Socialist, initially in the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and later co-founding with Rosa Luxemburg of the Spartakist League and the Communist Party of Germany that split from the SPD. Luxembourg was also a Marxist philosopher and theorist. They were shot by Kaizer’s loyal Frekorps.
1943 – Finishes building the world’s largest government building called the Pentagon. The Pentagon is the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense. This building was designed by architects George Bergstrom and David J, Witmer. On September 11, 2001, the Pentagon became one of the four targets of the famous terrorist attacks on the US.
1962 – Derven Papyrus, Europe’s oldest surviving manuscript dating to 340 BC, is found in northern Greece. This papyrus, is a philosophical material that is an allegorical commentary on an Orphic poem, a theogony about the birth of the gods, produced in the circle of the philosopher Anaxagoras. The description of this papyrus, however, was first published in 2006.
1970 – Muammar Gaddafi becomes Prime Minister of Libya. Gaddafi would rule this country with an iron hand until 2011, when it was captured and executed by insurgent rebels. During his rule, Libya would face gross human rights violations, and would be universally charged as a state in support of international terrorism.
1975 – The Alvor Agreement is signed, ending the Angolan War of Independence and granting independence to the African country from Portugal. The agreement was signed by the Portuguese government, the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola, the Angolan National Liberation Front, and the National Union for the Independence of Angola. The first government was formed by representatives of these four political spectrum.
1975 – Ernest Koliqi died, he was an Albanian poet, novelist, essayist, translator, journalist, playwright, Albanian scholar, teacher and publisher. He is considered together with Mitrush Kutel as the founder of the modern Albanian story,[1][2] with the collections Hija e Maleve (1929), Tregtar flagujsh (1935) and Pasqyrat e Narçizit (1936). After the invasion of Albania by Italy in 1939, he was appointed Minister of Education, while in 1942 he was appointed Chairman of the Fascist Corporate Supreme Council, the legislature at the time of the occupation. In Rome, where he lived after the Second World War, he founded and directed several temporary ones, of which Shêjzat was the most important and longest-lived. He directed the chair of Albanian language and literature in the Italian capital, on the basis of which, after 1957, the Institute of Albanian Studies was established.
1991 – Elizabeth II, in her capacity as Queen of Australia, signs a series of decrees that allow Australia to become the first Commonwealth kingdom to establish Victoria Cross in its system of honors. Victoria Cross for Australia is the highest award in the Honors System in this country, inheriting it from the UK.
2001 – Wikipedia, a free encyclopedia containing wiki content, launched for the first time online. Wikipedia, is an online multilingual encyclopedia created as an open collaboration project by a community of volunteer editors using a wiki-based editing system. It contains exclusively free content and no commercial advertising.
